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Buying Property in Spain as a US Citizen 🏠🇪🇸

Legal Guide for Americans (2026)

👉 All you need to know about buying a property in Spain from the US.

Luxton Legal is a Spanish law firm specialising in assisting US citizens with the legal process of buying property in Spain, from initial due diligence through to completion before a Spanish notary.

Buying property in Spain as an American is perfectly legal, but the process is very different from the United States. Having the right legal advice from the start is essential to avoid costly mistakes and unexpected risks.

This guide explains how US citizens can buy property in Spain, the legal steps involved, and why working with an independent Spanish lawyer is critical.

Can US citizens buy property in Spain?

Yes. US citizens can freely buy property in Spain, whether residential or commercial, without any restrictions on ownership.

You do not need Spanish residency or a visa to purchase property. However, buying property does not automatically grant residency. If you wish to reside in Spain, you would need to follow an independent residency process.

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Legal steps to buy property in Spain as a US citizen

Below is the typical legal process when buying property in Spain:

1. Obtain a Spanish NIE number
All buyers must obtain a Spanish Foreigner’s Identification Number (NIE).This is mandatory to purchase property.

2. Legal due diligence on the property
Before signing anything or paying a deposit, your lawyer should verify:
• Legal ownership
• Existing mortgages or debts
• Planning and building licences
• Habitability certificates
• Community of owners’ status
• Compliance with zoning and urban planning rules

3. Reservation agreement or deposit
Many buyers are asked to pay a reservation fee. This should never be paid without legal review.

4. Private purchase contract (arras contract)
This is a legally binding contract.
In most cases, 10% of the purchase price is at risk if problems arise and the contract is poorly drafted.

5. Completion before a Spanish notary
The final deed (escritura) is signed before a notary, and the purchase price is paid.

6. Post-completion formalities
After completion, your lawyer handles:
• Registration at the Land Registry
• Tax filings
• Change of utilities
• Ongoing legal and tax compliance

Common legal risks for US buyers in Spain

Foreign buyers often underestimate the risks involved in Spanish property transactions. The most common issues include:

❌ Properties with illegal extensions or unlicensed construction
❌ Outstanding mortgages, debts or liens
❌ Incorrect land classification (urban vs rural)
❌ Contracts drafted only in Spanish with unfavorable clauses
❌ Properties that cannot legally be rented or renovated
❌ Paying deposits before proper legal checks

These issues are often only discovered after completion, when it is too late.

How Luxton Legal helps US citizens buy property in Spain

At Luxton Legal, we focus specifically on assisting US citizens and international buyers purchasing property in Spain.

Our role includes:

✅ Full legal due diligence before any deposit is paid
✅ Review and negotiation of all contracts
✅ Coordination with estate agents, sellers and notaries
✅ Clear explanations in English of Spanish legal concepts
✅ Representation via power of attorney if you are not in Spain
✅ Post-completion registration and tax compliance

Our approach is practical, transparent and tailored to the expectations of American clients.

Buying property in Spain REMOTELY from the United States

Many of our US clients purchase property remotely, without travelling to Spain until completion (or even after).

Spanish law allows buyers to complete the entire process through a power of attorney, provided proper legal safeguards are in place.

We regularly assist US buyers purchasing:
🌴 Holiday homes
💰 Investment properties
🏡 Permanent residences

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Speak with a Spanish lawyer experienced in assisting US citizens

If you are considering buying property in Spain and want clear, reliable legal advice tailored to US citizens, professional guidance from the start can save you time, money and risk.

👉 Speak with a Spanish lawyer experienced in assisting US citizens buying property in Spain.